History of Apple Trees

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Historical examples of the existence of apple trees are documented on the basis of folklore, legends, stone pictures on carved boards, petrified apple slices on plates for grave goods and an overwhelming number of references from Hebrew biblical passages and countless writings from poems, songs and literary publications and many other surviving reports about all civilizations in antiquity. One of the earliest archaeological evidence of apple tree fruits comes from the remains of excavations from Jericho, Jordan, in 6500 BC. Chr. Were dated by radiochemical analysis of carbon atoms.

Many modern botanists believe that the improved apple that we know today comes from the crab apple that is usually planted with apple trees for cross pollination. Old documents show that "cultivated apples originate from crab trees or wild apple pyrus malus". Wild crab apple tree seeds appeared on the list of collected seeds in the 1783 plant list by William Bartram and his father John Bartram. In William Bartram's Travels in 1773, "He observed among them (fruit trees) the wild crab (Pyrus coronaria) while exploring near Mobile, Alabama. Robert Prince founded the first operating nursery in the American colonies in Flushing, New York: In the 1700s, he offered apple trees for sale at his nursery, which was visited by General George Washington, who later became the first President of the United States, President Thomas Jefferson to plant and grow apple trees in his orchard garden in Monticello, Virginia. in the early 19th century.

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In colonial America, apple trees were grown and planted from seeds in orchards in the 17th century by William Blackstone in Boston, Massachusetts. Early documents stored in the National Library in Washington, DC indicate that all Massachusetts landowners had started growing apple trees in the 1640s.

Over the centuries, apple trees have become susceptible to many disease problems such as fire blight; Dr. However, C. S. Crandall from the University of Illinois conducted several backcrosses involving modern varieties and the apple tree ancestor 'Crabapple', Malus floribunda. The wild crab apple contained an immunity factor within its genetic makeup against all major bacterial and fungal diseases of apple trees. In 1989, researchers from the Pomellology Department at Cornell University extracted an immune blight gene from a nocturnal moth and transplanted it into an apple fruit, resulting in the complete defeat of blight disease in this particular apple tree variety.

 

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The fruit of apple trees is perhaps the most disturbing characteristic that an orchardist or an orchard gardener experiences in the backyard. Most apple varieties require cross-pollination of two different varieties to put fruit on the tree.

Perhaps this mysterious genetic quality of preserving apples makes it so important to offer medical benefits that are underpinned by the memorable saying, "One apple a day keeps the doctor away." Experiments by researchers in California have shown that apple fruits are very rich in antioxidants, a biological compound that works against stroke, heart disease and many other health problems.

 

It is necessary that the blossoms of the two apple tree blossoms develop pollen at the same time so that the fruits are planted, which can be a difficult problem. The simplest solution to pollinating apple trees is to use the ancestor of modern apple varieties, crab apple, which sheds its pollen over a long period of time and slightly overlaps the flowering period of the apple tree variety. Crab apple trees produce a fruit that is much smaller than the ordinary apple, but it can be used for cooking in a variety of ways and is loved by wildlife in the fall and winter when wildlife feed for animals and birds is scarce. Crab apple trees are also valuable when used as flowering trees that begin to bloom in spring with huge clusters of pink, white, and even red flowers. There are several outstanding grafted flowering tree species available, including Brandywine, Red Perfection, Radiant and Spring Snow.

The legendary Johnny Appleseed was responsible for the rapid development of apple tree growth and planting when he founded a nursery in the Midwest that sold both apple trees and seeds that were to be planted in trees in the 19th century for growing. Over 2000 apple varieties are classified as grown today. Many of the trees are due to the tremendous spread of apple seeds, which began with Johnny Appleseed's memorable ambition to completely cover the American countryside with the fruit of apple trees.

William Bartram, the famous explorer and botanist, wrote in his book Travels in 1773: "I observed two or three large apple trees in a very blooming state" when he was traveling near Mobile, Alabama. It is important to know that these large apple trees that grow in Alabama in 1773 could very easily come from the seeds of the Creek Indians. These seeds may have been obtained by the Indians from American colonists on the east coast of the United States at a much earlier date, or from French farmers who settled in areas with agricultural subsidies north of Mobile. General Oglethorpe planned in 1733 "to plant various subtropical and temperate plants that could prove valuable to Georgian farms and orchards," said William Bartram in his book Travels, published 40 years later. William Bartram's father John Bartram, who traveled to "East Florida" (Florida, Georgia and the Carolinas), was at least partially an attempt to inventory the plant resources of the new acquisition of England after the Spaniards were driven out of East Florida.

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Apple trees are easy to grow, and if a gardener buys a large tree, they can experience fruit development in the first year of planting and growing. Choosing the right variety of grafted apple trees is extremely important because, although the apple fruit can be grown in most areas of the United States, the trees need different cooling temperatures to bloom. The interesting introduction of low-chill varieties from Israel makes it possible to experience apple growing and planting all the way to Florida. Certain popularly grown apple varieties in the United States today are: Arkansas Black, Gala, Granny Smith, Red Rome, Anna, Red Fuji, Yates, Golden Delicious, Red Delicious, Anna, Ein Shemer, and Golden Dorsett. Apples have a mysterious quality that can keep them from decaying for centuries. Apple slices can be dried and kept for a long time. This mysterious feature can be recognized by the fact that the association of man is connected to paradise and that Eva and Adam, for their eternal pleasure, pick apples from a fruit tree growing in paradise, planted by God and as a tree of life in the legendary world Garden was described by Eden. We see that this fruit of paradise recurs in the history of many other ancient civilizations. A similar report that we read as children in the book of Genesis from the scriptures in the Hebrew Bible.

The fossilized remains of apple slices found in a saucer from an ancient Mesopotamian tomb, the tomb of the kings, date back to 2500 BC. BC and were uncovered in southern Iran. In the old historical accounts of the fruit of the apple tree there seems to be an incomprehensible trace of evidence that no other fruit can keep up. The interest of Greek and Roman philosophers, poets, historians and literary masters in apples was even extended to Renaissance painters, royal cooks of the Tsars of Russia and too many other references to mention.

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